DGT DOCS
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
    • 1.1 Executive Summary
    • 1.2 Why DGT
    • 1.3 Distributed Ledgers Technology
      • 1.3.1 Decentralization approach
      • 1.3.2 Consensus Mechanism
      • 1.3.3 Transactions
      • 1.3.4 Layered Blockchain Architecture
      • 1.3.5 Tokenomics
      • 1.3.6 Web 3 Paradigm
      • 1.3.7 Common Myths about Blockchain
    • 1.4 The DGT Overview
      • 1.4.1 Platform Approach
      • 1.4.2 DGT Functional Architecture
      • 1.4.3 Technology Roadmap
    • 1.5 How to create a Solution with DGT Networks
    • 1.6 Acknowledgments
  • 2. REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS
    • 2.1 Case-Based Approach
      • 2.1.1 DGT Mission
      • 2.1.2 The Methodology
      • 2.1.3 Case Selection
    • 2.2 Supply Chain and Vertical Integration
      • 2.2.1 Logistics Solution for Spare Parts Delivery
      • 2.2.2 DGT Based Solution for Coffee Chain Products
    • 2.3 Innovative Financial Services
      • 2.3.1 Crowdfunding Platform
      • 2.3.2 Real World Assets Tokenization
      • 2.3.3 Virtual Neobank over DGT Network
      • 2.3.4 DGT based NFT Marketplace
    • 2.4 Decentralized Green Energy Market
      • 2.4.1 Peer To Peer Energy Trading
      • 2.4.2 DGT based Carbon Offset Trading
    • 2.5 B2B2C Ecosystems and Horizontal Integration
      • 2.5.1 KYC and User Scoring
      • 2.5.2 Decentralized Marketing Attribution
      • 2.5.3 Case Decentralized Publishing Platform
      • 2.5.4 Value Ecosystem
    • 2.6 More Cases
  • 3. DGT ARCHITECTURE
    • 3.1 Scalable Architecture Design
      • 3.1.1 High Level Architecture
      • 3.1.2 DGT Approach
      • 3.1.3 Unique contribution
      • 3.1.4 Component Based Architecture
    • 3.2 Performance Metrics
    • 3.3 Network Architecture
      • 3.3.1 Nework Architecture in General
      • 3.3.2 Network Identification
      • 3.3.3 H-Net Architecture
      • 3.3.4 Transport Level
      • 3.3.5 Segments
      • 3.3.6 Static and Dynamic Topologies
      • 3.3.7 Cluster Formation
      • 3.3.8 Node Networking
      • 3.3.9 Permalinks Control Protocol
    • 3.4 Fault-Tolerant Architecture
      • 3.4.1 Introduction to Fault Tolerance
      • 3.4.2 F-BFT: The Hierarchical Consensus Mechanism
      • 3.4.3 Cluster Based Algorithms
      • 3.4.4 Arbitrator Security Scheme
      • 3.4.5 Heartbeat Protocol
      • 3.4.6 Oracles and Notaries
      • 3.4.7 DID & KYC
    • 3.5 Transactions and Performance
      • 3.5.1 Transaction Basics
      • 3.5.2 Transaction Processing
      • 3.5.3 Transaction and block signing
      • 3.5.4 Transaction Families
      • 3.5.5 Transaction Receipts
      • 3.5.6 Smart Transactions
      • 3.5.7 Private Transactions
      • 3.5.8 Multi signature
    • 3.6 Data-Centric Model
      • 3.6.1 Data layer overview
      • 3.6.2 Global State
      • 3.6.3 Genesis Record
      • 3.6.4 Sharding
      • 3.6.5 DAG Synchronization
    • 3.7 Cryptography and Security
      • 3.7.1 Security Architecture Approach
      • 3.7.2 Base Cryptography
      • 3.7.3 Permission Design
      • 3.7.4 Key Management
      • 3.7.5 Encryption and Decryption
      • 3.7.6 Secure Multi Party Computation
      • 3.7.7 Cryptographic Agility
      • DGTTECH_3.8.4 Gateway Nodes
    • 3.8 Interoperability
      • 3.8.1 Interoperability Approach
      • 3.8.2 Relay Chain Pattern
      • 3.8.3 Virtual Machine Compatibility
      • 3.8.4 Gateway Nodes
      • 3.8.5 Token Bridge
    • 3.9 DGT API and Consumer Apps
      • 3.9.1 Presentation Layer
      • 3.9.2 Application Architecture
    • 3.10 Technology Stack
    • REFERENCES
  • 4. TOKENIZATION AND PROCESSING
    • 4.1 Introduction to Tokenization
      • 4.1.1 DGT Universe
      • 4.1.2 Driving Digital Transformation with Tokens
      • 4.1.3 Real-World Tokenization
      • 4.1.4 Key Concepts and Definitions
    • 4.2 Foundations of Tokenization
      • 4.2.1 Definition and Evolution of Tokenization
      • 4.2.2 Tokenization in the Blockchain/DLT Space
      • 4.2.3 The Tokenization Process
      • 4.2.4 Tokenization on the DGT Platform
      • 4.2.5 Regulatory and Legal Aspects of Tokenization
      • 4.2.6 Typical Blockchain-Based Business Models
    • 4.3 The DEC Transaction Family
      • 4.3.1 DEC Transaction Family Overview
      • 4.3.2 DEC Token Features
      • 4.3.3 DEC Token Protocol
      • 4.3.4 DEC Account Design
      • 4.3.5 DEC Transaction Family Flow
      • 4.3.6 DEC Commands
      • 4.3.7 DEC Processing
      • 4.3.8 Payment Gateways
    • 4.4 Understanding Secondary Tokens
      • 4.4.1 The different types of tokens supported by DGT
      • 4.4.2 How secondary tokens are produced
  • 5. EXPLORING TOKENOMICS
    • 5.1 Introduction
      • 5.1.1 What does tokenomics mean?
      • 5.1.2 Goals of Building the Model for DGT Network
      • 5.1.3 Tokens vs Digital Money
      • 5.1.4 The Phenomenon of Cryptocurrency
      • 5.1.5 Basic Principles of Tokenomics
      • 5.1.6 AB2023 Model
    • 5.2 Node & User Growth
      • 5.2.1 Node Ecosystem
      • 5.2.2 User Growth and Retention Modeling
    • 5.3 Transactions
      • 5.3.1 Transaction Amount Components
      • 5.3.2 Shaping the Transaction Profile: A Three-pronged Approach
      • 5.3.3 Calculation of Transaction Number
    • 5.4 Network Performance Simulation
      • 5.4.1 Endogenous Model
      • 5.4.2 Network Entropy
      • 5.4.3 Network Utility
    • 5.5 Token Supply Model
      • 5.5.1 Introduction to Supply and Demand Dynamics
      • 5.5.2 Token distribution
      • 5.5.3 Supply Protocol
      • 5.5.4 Token Balance and Cumulative Supply
    • 5.6 Token Demand Model
      • 5.6.1 Node-Base Demand
      • 5.6.2 Transaction-Based Token Demand
      • 5.6.3 Staking Part Modeling
      • 5.6.4 Total Demand
    • 5.7 Token Price Simulation
      • 5.7.1 Nelson-Siegel-Svensson model
      • 5.7.2 The Price Model
    • 5.8 Decentralization Measurement
      • 5.8.1 Active Node Index
      • 5.8.2 Node Diversity in Hybrid Networks
      • 5.8.3 Token distribution
      • 5.8.4 Integral Calculation of Decentralization Metric
    • 5.9 Aggregated Metrics
      • 5.9.1 Transaction Throughput: Evaluating Network Performance and Scalability
      • 5.9.2 Market Capitalization: A Dimension of Valuation in Cryptocurrency
      • 5.9.3 Total Value Locked (TVL): A Spotlight on Network Engagement and Trust
  • 6. ADMINISTRATOR GUIDE
    • 6.1 Introduction
      • 6.1.1 Administrator Role
      • 6.1.2 Platform sourcing
      • 6.1.3 DGT Virtualization
      • 6.1.4 Using Pre-Built Virtual Machine Images
      • 6.1.5 Server Preparation
      • 6.1.6 OS Setup and initialization
    • 6.2 DGT CORE: Single Node Setup
      • 6.2.1 Launch the First DGT Node
      • 6.2.2 Dashboard setup
      • 6.2.3 Nodes Port Configuration
      • 6.2.4 Single Node Check
    • 6.3 DGT CORE: Setup Private/Public Network
      • 6.3.1 Network launch preparation
      • 6.3.2 A Virtual Cluster
      • 6.3.3 A Physical Network
      • 6.3.4 Attach node to Existing Network
    • 6.4 DGT Dashboard
    • 6.5 DGT CLI and base transaction families
    • 6.6 GARANASKA: Financial Processing
      • 6.6.1 Overview of DGT’s financial subsystem
      • 6.6.2 DEC emission
      • 6.6.3 Consortium account
      • 6.6.4 User accounts
      • 6.6.5 Payments
    • 6.7 Adjust DGT settings
      • 6.7.1 DGT Topology
      • 6.7.2 Manage local settings
    • 6.8 DGT Maintenance
      • 6.8.1 Stopping and Restarting the Platform
      • 6.8.2 Backing up Databases
      • 6.8.3 Network Performance
      • 6.8.4 Log & Monitoring
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  1. 4. TOKENIZATION AND PROCESSING
  2. 4.1 Introduction to Tokenization

4.1.4 Key Concepts and Definitions

Navigating the landscape of the DGT platform, specifically its GARANASKA financial subsystem, necessitates an understanding of a host of interrelated concepts and terminologies. This subsystem's core component is the DEC Transaction Family, a dedicated set of rules and protocols that manage the operations of DEC tokens within the ecosystem. This section outlines the integral concepts and definitions that underpin the operation and management of DEC transactions. Comprehension of these elements is vital for both users interacting with the DGT platform and developers aiming to build upon it. Here is an overview of the main concepts and definitions.

Term
Definition

Account

An entity on the blockchain, in this case the DGT network, that is identified by a unique address and capable of sending or receiving tokens. An account is associated with a pair of cryptographic keys (public and private). The public key allows for the identification of the account while the private key enables the signing of transactions. An account may represent a user or a smart contract in the DGT network.

Address System

Each transaction family in the DGT platform can have its unique address system, observing the Merkle-Radix tree's set dimensions.

Atomic Swap

A peer-to-peer exchange of cryptocurrencies from different blockchains.

Bridge

A bridge is a crucial component that facilitates the exchange of data or assets between two different blockchain networks. In the context of the DGT platform, an HTLC-type bridge is implemented for cross-chain compatibility.

Certificate Mechanism

Establishes a relationship between a physical object and a cryptographic key, with a digital signature certifying the compliance between an object (or its attributes) and a public key.

Coins and Tokens

Coins are a network's native currency, while tokens represent additional currencies issued on top of these native coins. Tokens depend on the native coin, enabling exchange operations or atomic swaps.

Consensus Mechanisms

These mechanisms underpin the process by which transactions are verified and added to the blockchain. The operations of the DEC token within the DGT network are governed by these consensus mechanisms.

Cryptographic Keys

Keys, composed of a private key and a public key pair, create digital signatures and authenticate transactions. In blockchain systems, addresses are associated with these keys.

DEC Address Space

The DEC address space is in sync with the Ethereum system, deriving the address from the public key. This makes the address deterministic, unique, and Ethereum-compatible. Users with Ethereum wallets automatically possess DEC wallets in DGT.

DEC Transaction Family

A set of operations on DEC tokens, such as issuance, transfer, and redemption, etc.

DGT Platform Address System

The DGT platform is structured to allow each transaction family to have its own address system, as long as it adheres to the dimensions set by the Merkle-Radix tree.

Digital Signatures

A cryptographic tool for validating the authenticity and integrity of digital messages or documents.

Emission

In the context of blockchain, emission refers to the process of producing new tokens or coins into the system.

Financial Transactions

In financial systems, transactions operate based on addresses, serving as identifiers for fund transfers between parties. Traditional financial institutions use an account-based system, while fully decentralized networks utilize the UTXO approach.

Know Your Customer (KYC)

A standard banking policy practice that assesses and monitors customer risk and is also a legal requirement to comply with Anti-Money Laundering (AML) laws. In the context of blockchain and cryptocurrencies, it involves procedures to verify the identities of individuals carrying out transactions.

Minting

The process of creating new tokens, the digital equivalent of printing new money. The token supply mechanics of DEC tokens are determined by the minting process.

Multisignature (Multisig)

An authorization method that requires the approval of multiple parties to execute a transaction. In blockchain, a multisignature address is associated with more than one private key.

NFT (Non-Fungible Token)

A type of cryptographic token on a blockchain that represents a unique item or asset.

Payments

The transfer of value from one party to another in exchange for goods, services, or both.

Private Transactions

Transactions that are obscured to maintain the privacy of the transaction details. In blockchain, techniques like zero-knowledge proofs may be used to maintain the privacy of transaction information.

Security Tokens

Crypto tokens that derive their value from an external, tradable asset and are subject to federal securities regulations.

Smart Contracts

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into lines of code. They play a pivotal role in automating and managing operations within the blockchain network.

SBT (Soulbound Tokens)

Unique tokens that are permanently attached to an account.

Stable Tokens

A type of cryptocurrency that attempts to offer price stability by being pegged to a reserve of assets.

Sub-Tokens

Additional tokens that are created on top of a primary/native blockchain token.

Tokenomics

A system or framework that defines the economic structure of a token ecosystem, including the rules of token distribution, usage, and governance. The tokenomics of DEC would outline how the DEC tokens are distributed, their use cases, how they gain value, and how their supply is managed.

Tokenization Process (RWA tokenization)

The process of converting real-world assets (RWAs) into digital tokens on a blockchain.

Transaction Fee

A fee that is charged to users when they make a transaction on the blockchain. In the DGT network, transaction fees are designed to prevent network abuse by requiring a fee for each transaction. This fee compensates the network nodes that validate and record transactions on the blockchain.

Transaction Family

In the DGT platform, a transaction family is a group of operations or transactions that are handled as a single unit. The DEC token operates within the DEC transaction family, which follows a specific set of rules for processing and verifying token transactions.

Transaction Tip

In the DGT network, a transaction tip refers to an optional, additional token amount offered by a user, over and above the standard transaction fee. This tip serves as an incentive for nodes to prioritize the user's transaction during periods of high network traffic. It's an adjustable parameter set by the Node as a potential extra income for processing complex transactions.

Utility Tokens

Tokens that provide digital access to an application or service.

UTXO (Unspent Transaction Output)

The output of a blockchain transaction that can be spent as input in a new transaction.

Volatility (in context of crypto)

The rate at which the price of a cryptocurrency increases or decreases for a set of returns. Cryptocurrency prices are notoriously volatile compared to traditional fiat currencies. This makes it potentially profitable, but also risky.

Wallets

In the blockchain domain, a wallet usually refers to an external client program that provides advanced account or address management.

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